Cell-Cell Communication Breakdown and Endothelial Dysfunction

Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implications for The Genesis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Linking endothelial dysfunction with endothelial cell activation.

The thin layer of cells that lines the interior of blood vessels, known as the endothelium, plays a complex role in vascular biology. The endothelium mediates blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, hormone trafficking, and fluid filtration. Endothelial dysfunction, as defined by a lack of NO, has been linked to a variety of disease states, including atherosclerosis, diabetes mel...

Endothelial cell dysfunction in preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome of hypertension and proteinuria and one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia, although not entirely clear, is typically abnormal placental implantation, followed by endothelial dysfunction with subsequently resulting vasospasm, coagulopathy, or changes in capillary permeability; this underscore...

Oxidant stress and endothelial cell dysfunction.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated at sites of inflammation and injury, and at low levels, ROS can function as signaling molecules participating as signaling intermediates in regulation of fundamental cell activities such as cell growth and cell adaptation responses, whereas at higher concentrations, ROS can cause cellular injury and death. The vascular endothelium, which regulates the...

Kinin Receptors and Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction

The field of progenitor cell therapy appears to be poised to transform the management of many cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the use of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have shown indications of improved cardiac function post–myocardial infarction (MI), with a recent metaanalysis showing a highly significant mean improvement in glo...